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Objective:To analyze the value of shear wave velocity (SWV) combined with thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism.Methods:Thirty-five patients with hyperthyroidism who were treated and confirmed in the Fuyang Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from December 2017 to September 2019 were selected as hyperthyroidism group, and 30 cases of normal health check-up patients in the outpatient department were selected as control group. All of the patients and medical persons were checked by conventional two-dimensional ultrasound and SWV, and the SWV and serum TSH, thyrotrophin receptor antibody(TRAb), thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) expression levels of two groups were tested and compared. The correlation relationship in SWV value and serum TSH, TRAb, TGAb, TPOAb levels of hyperthyroidism patients was analyzed by Pearson methods. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) method was used to analyze the value of SWV, serum TSH and SWV combined with serum in diagnosis of hyperthyroidism.Results:The SWV values of upper pole, middle pole and lower pole in the hyperthyroidism group had no significant differences ( P>0.05). The SWV values of upper hole, middle pole and lower pole of the left and right lobe of thyroid in the hyperthyroidism group were significantly higher than those in the control group [left lobe: (2.41 ± 0.34) m/s vs. (2.07 ± 0.28) m/s, (2.44 ± 0.39) m/s vs. (2.08 ± 0.25) m/s, (2.46 ± 0.43) m/s vs. (2.04 ± 0.30) m/s; right lobe: (2.47 ± 0.42) m/s vs.(2.01 ± 0.25) m/s, (2.41 ± 0.40) m/s vs. (1.95 ± 0.23) m/s, (2.43 ± 0.35) m/s vs. (2.06 ± 0.24) m/s] ( P<0.01). The serum TSH level in the hyperthyroidism group were significantly lower than that in the control group [(0.05 ± 0.03) kU/L vs. (2.74 ± 1.17) kU/L], while serum TRAb, TGAb and TPOAb levels were significantly higher than those in the control group [(15.82 ± 5.54) U/L vs. (0.55 ± 0.13) U/L, (290.63 ± 145.03) kU/L vs. (25.63 ± 7.12) kU/L, (627.17 ± 250.33) kU/L vs. (34.32 ± 5.95) kU/L], and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.01). In the hyperthyroidism group, the SWV was negatively correlated with serum TSH ( r=- 0.862, P<0.05), but positively correlated with serum TRAb, TGAb and TPOAb ( r=0.763, 0.837, 0.804, P<0.05). The area under curve(AUC), sensitivity and specificity of combined diagnosis of hyperthyroidism with SWV value and serum TSH were 0.936, 94.29% and 91.43%, which was better than that of SWV (0.803, 80.00%, 74.29%) and serum TSH (0.842, 82.86%, 77.14%). Conclusions:SWV combined with TSH has a high clinical value in the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism.
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Human rotavirus has been discovered since the early 1970s, which is still a primary pathogen causing infant diarrhea under the age of five. Each year about 600,000 infant died of severe body dehydration caused by rotavirus infection. Since the current rotavirus diarrhea have no specific therapeutic drugs, using vaccine to prevent rotavirus infection is an effective method. Research on a vaccine often involved in a multidisciplinary theory and technology. This article reviewed the epidemic situation of rotavirus,animal model,the body's immune response after infection, developing and using vaccine and other related issues.
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We wished to select a cold-adapted genotype G1P[8] ZTR-68 rotavirus (China southwest strain) in MA104 cells for possible use as a live vaccine. ZTR-68 was recovered originally from children with diarrhea. The virus was cultivated at 37 degrees C at the first passage. Then, the cultivation temperature was decreased stepwise by 3 degrees C per eight passages. In total, the virus was passaged 32 times, and cultivation was terminated at 28 degrees C. Biological characteristics of the virus were analyzed during serial passages. There was no difference between the migration patterns of genomic dsRNA segments according to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of original and cold-adapted viruses. Infectious and red cell-agglutination titers of cold-adapted virus were lower than those of the parent virus. Also, the virus formed small-size plaques with irregular shapes at 31 degrees C and 28 degrees C. These results suggested that a genetically stable attenuated virus can be obtained through serial cold-adapted passages. Thus, an alternative strategy is provided by cold-adaption for development of attenuated live rotavirus vaccines.
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Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Adaptation, Physiological , China , Cold Temperature , Diarrhea , Virology , Genotype , Rotavirus , Genetics , Physiology , Serial Passage , Virus Cultivation , Virus ReplicationABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the immune effects of bivalent inactivated rotavirus vaccine (IRV) and investigate the viability of development of bivalent IRV.Methods Firstly,bivalent IRV was prepared by mixing G1 IRV and G3 IRV with equal amount,G1 IRV and G3 IRV as monovalent control,PBS as negative control.Secondly,those vaccines were vaccinated to the mice by intramuscular injection.Then,to evaluate the immune effects of bivalent IRV,the levels of serum or fecal rotavirus specific IgG and IgA were assessed by ELISA,the levels of serum neutralized antibody were measured by microneutralization assay,the number of IFN-γ or IL-4 secreting cells were analyzed by ELISPOT assay.Results Compared to negative control group,bivalent IRV induced the higher levels of serum and fecal G1 and G3 rotavirus specific antibody.It was found that there were no significant differences for the levels of serum IgG and IgA,fecal IgG and IgA,serum neutralized antibody between induced by bivalent IRV and induced by G1 type monovalent vaccines ; but there were significantly increase for the levels of serum IgG (t =2.691,P＜0.05) and serum neutralized antibody (t =2.561,P＜0.05) between induced by bivalent IRV and induced by G3 monovalent vaccines,there were no significant differences for other antibodies between induced by bivalent IRV and induced by G3 monovalent vaccines.At the same time,compared to negative control group,bivalent IRV induced significantly increase in the number of IFN-γ or IL-4 secreting cells in spleen lymphocytes.It was found that there were no significant differences for the number of IFN-γ or IL-4 secreting cells stimulated by G1 rotavirus between bivalent IRV and G1 monovalent vaccines; but there were significantly increase for the number of IL-4 secreting cells (t =2.327,P＜0.05) stimulated by G3 rotavirus between bivalent IRV and G3 monovalent vaccines,there were no significant differences for the number of IFN-γ secreting cells stimulated by G3 rotavirus between bivalent IRV and G3 type monovalent vaccines.Conclusion The bivalent IRV can induce effective immune response,in which there were no inhibitory interference between the components of bivalent IRV,which provided the experimental basis for the development of bivalent IRV.
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Objective To optimize the PCR primer sets for Simian virus 40 (SV40) detection and establish an assay method for SV40 which is of high sensitivity, strong specificity, broad applicability. Methods Two pairs of PCR primers were designed of based on 21 different SV40 strains genome by Primer Premier 5.00 software, and the features of two pairs of PCR primers were analyzed by Oligo software (version 6.71), conservative nucleotide of two pairs of PCR primers and the PCR amplification product were analyzed by DNAMAN software (version 6.0.40). Two pairs of new-built PCR primers were compared with those derived from China pharmacopoeia (Clip) in these aspects. The detection sensitivity of four pairs of PCR primers were analyzed using different SV40 DNA diluent as PCR template. The detection specificity of four pairs of PCR primers were analyzed using sterile water, Vero cell DNA, SV40 DNA as PCR template, respectively. Results The sequences of the new PCR primer sets VP1 and T are conservative for 21 Strains. The sequences of PCR primer sets GCVP1 and GCT are conservative for SV40 strains whose accession No. is J02400, NC_001669, AF316139 and AF316141. As far as the same diluent SV40 DNA template is concerned, the PCR amplification efficiency of PCR primer set VP1 and T is higher than that of PCR primer set GCVP1 and GCT. There are non-specific band in nucleic acid electrophoresis for amplification products of PCR primer sets GCVP1 and GCT, whereas there are no non-specific band in nucleic acid electrophoresis for amplification products of PCR primer sets VP1 and T. Conclusion The new assay method for SV40 nucleic acid sequence has many better qualities than those in Chp such as high sensitivity, strong specificity, broad applicability, conservation of primers and their amplification products and so on.
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Objective:To compare the immunizing efficiency in mice with recombinant adenovirus inoculated by intranasal, intramuscular or oral routes.Methods:BALB/c mice were immunized with 108 PFU recombinant adenovirus expressing rotavirus VP4 antigen intranasally, intramuscularly or orally.The mice were boosted twice with the same dose by the same route. Serum, stool and intestine specimens were collected to detect rotavirus VP4 specific antibodies by ELISA. Mice were mock treated with adenoviral vector and PBS as the blank control.Results:Inoculation with the recombinant adenovirus by these 3 routes elicted rotavirus VP4 specific serum and intestinal antibodies(P